Reactor

Does Anyone Actually Like Crowd-Sourced Shows?

by Kyle Chayka on February 16, 2011

Still from “Super Mario Bros 3” (image from theartofvideogames.org)

When I heard about the Smithsonian’s upcoming video game exhibition, I was filled with a sense of dread upon reading the press release’s bolded title: “Smithsonian American Art Museum Invites Public to Vote on Games to be Featured in “The Art of Video Games” Exhibition”. They tout the voting like it’s something to be proud of, but honestly, I am totally sick of crowd-sourced shows. For how historically unsuccessful they have been, crowd-sourced shows seem to be written up as critical novelties, and then recycled throughout the art and museum world. The novelty is way past over.

Social media has democratized the cultural landscape, turning everyone into the tastemakers of their own mutual fan clubs. We can leverage our Twitter and Facebook and Tumblr accounts to have a greater impact on the prevailing aesthetics of our time, as images and videos and voices go from nothing to viral in a matter of hours. But the value of museums and exhibition space is that they have the resources to take a longer view of cultural development: shows shouldn’t be made around the ethos of being most acceptable to most people, or reaching as many eyeballs possible in the least amount of time. We don’t need a popularity contest!

Leandro Artigala, “Friends” (2006) (image from brooklynartmuseum.org)

The crowd-sourced exhibition was a publicity stunt, an effort to drag backwards-looking institutions into the world of social media and the internet. Now, it’s a cliche. Brooklyn Museum’s Click! A Crowd-Curated Exhibition let the public vote on photos procured in an open call. The resulting exhibition was a critically anemic mess of Flickr-quality lowest common denominator work: saturated colors, HDR exposure and smiling faces. The Walker museum took a slightly different approach in 2010′s 50/50: Audience and Experts Curate the Paper Collection. Audiences voted on a selection of works from the Walker’s works on paper collection, and then pitted that selection against a group chosen by Darsie Alexander, the Walker’s chief curator. The latter is closer to the Smithsonian’s gimmick tactic.

The website for The Art of Video Games separates the history of the medium into four rather strange divisions: “Start,” “8-Bit,” “Bit Wars!” “Transition” and “Next Generation”. Each category is divided into games by console, and then by genre (the questionable nature of these decisions is material for another post). Viewers can then vote on which games they think best represent the genre on the console of their choice. To be honest, I don’t really care what people vote for, nor do I think it’s important.

What the historical arc of video games needs is not another cacophony of voices deciding on some acceptable, populist path of development. Video games desperately need more established critical voices that are willing to put their foot down and start to argue over a history shaped not by mass popular consensus but by artistic and innovative significance. The Smithsonian show will fail without that, and no amount of voting will help to find it.

Even if voting on video games seems like a nice, shiny concept, it’s actually bad for the quality of the show and the quality of discourse around video games in general. The problem with these crowd-sourced shows is that they fall into the same trap as Twitter and Tumblr and every social medium: there’s no way to separate the signal from the noise of everyone trying to shout over each other. Art is not democratic, and no art will ever be canonized by popular vote, so museums and curators should stop pretending. They’re not doing the work any favors.

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  • TheChrisBunny

    While I agree with the notion that curatorial duties should never be crowd-sourced, short of some sort of weird fund-raising drive, I think the writer should have pondered for a moment the last paragraph. “Art is not democratic, and no art will ever be canonized by popular vote, so museums and curators should stop pretending.” Art has the potential to be democratic and to be a democratizing catalyst, “curatorial responsibility” on the other hand is not democratic.

    • http://twitter.com/chaykak Kyle Chayka

      “Curatorial responsibility” or “canonization” would be much better replacements for “art” in that case, definitely. Thanks for pointing it out.

  • http://twitter.com/KevinBuist Kevin Buist

    “Video games desperately need more established critical voices that are willing to put their foot down and start to argue over a history shaped not by mass popular consensus but by artistic and innovative significance.”

    This seems like a noble goal. But why? Why shoe-horn video games into institutional and curatorial practices that were formed around very different types of cultural production? Video games have never been mediated by academic or institutional forces, why start now? They’ve always been a popular media, propelled by free markets and motivated fans, hackers, and developers.

    Crowd-curating shows may be fashionable, but if you’re going to claim that it’s a flash in the pan that should go away so that old curatorial approaches can stay established, you have to make an argument for why. Why should the video games in this show be chosen by an academic and not by fans of video games? Which curatorial approach is more suited to video games as cultural artifacts? Fans have always chosen which video games float to the top cultural relevance. Popularity is an integral part of video games as a cultural force.

    • http://twitter.com/chaykak Kyle Chayka

      You write, “Video games have never been mediated by academic or institutional forces, why start now?”

      This statement is completely untrue. Before it reaches an actual player, any mainstream video game is shaped by many institutional forces, from the house branding of major video game production companies to the style of particular video game designers to the limits of the consoles themselves and their marketing, these are institutional forces.

      Early video games were often created by academic institutions, or developed in early stages by them. Oregon Trail started off as an educational project. While video games do appear to be more populist, they are no more populist than any contemporary art or music forms. Experience is always mediated by institutions.

      I’m not arguing for the wholesale preservation of “old” curatorial norms, but I am arguing that crowd-curating is not relevant enough to dominate a museum exhibition over academic voice. The same academic voice that curates the show is also probably a fan of video games, just as any art curator is a fan of art.

      It isn’t just fans that choose which video games float to the top in terms of cultural relevance either. It’s a whole corpus of writers and designers and game editors and testers and players. You’re arguing for a purity and transparency that doesn’t exist.

      [Edit] Thus the need for an actual academic study of video games, and a well-curated exhibition: these inherent institutional forces have already shaped game production and consumption to such a degree that we need to overcome them to find a historical path.

  • Den Hickey

    Maybe we just need more reprogrammed video games. A few more versions of the clouds from Super Mario Brothers… or perhaps another game where you can kill major artists.

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  • http://twitter.com/generationbass GenerationBass

    Voting on the worth of any collection is indeed nothing new and populistic at best, but I also disagree with the last paragraph. I am currently working on an open source exhibition, for which anybody can enter work. Any artist, any hobbyist, any kid of the street. The curatorial role (and process) remains the same though. There is room for democracy in the arts, and there is room for democracy in all forms of the creative process, but it shouldn’t bring art down to it’s lowest common denominator, it shouldnt dumbify the work. we are: http://incubate.org

  • http://twitter.com/hellenophile Rebecca Mir

    Done well, crowd-sourced exhibits can be great. Check out split-second, the latest crowd-sourced exhibit at the Brooklyn Museum: http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/exhibitions/split_second/ . All of the objects that are being chosen by people have already been carefully chosen by curators; the same goes for the Smithsonian’s exhibit on video games.

    Split Second was inspired by the book Blink, and the completion of this experiment will lead to some interesting issues for curators and academics to think about. What do people want to see? How can a split-second influence their decisions? And the final exhibit will still have a good narrative and great artwork, so how can anyone complain? People get to help curators, curators get to interact with the public, and everyone can enjoy the end result. Great; especially for museums who want to reach out to their audience. Yes, completely “democratized” exhibits might suck, but curators usually don’t let people have that much freedom. Shelley Bernstein is an exception, and she’s trying to do new things and make museums more accessible for people. It’s not something that shouldn’t be commended.

    Sure, crowd-sourcing isn’t appropriate for every exhibit. And yes, video games need more academic and curatorial voices. However, the unique thing about video games an artistic medium is that they are interactive and have good gameplay (as opposed to just interactive art, which has poor or no gameplay). So it makes sense for people to have a say in this exhibit.

    The problem is that I don’t think they did a great job of organizing them. Earthbound, Zelda, and Chrono Trigger all pitted against each other? Zelda you could vote for elsewhere, but that wasn’t made clear in the interface. Earthbound is a unique game that would be a wonderful museum piece, but Chrono Trigger is so influential in the history of video games and for the genre. There were other moments where I was confused as well. But in the end, I hope that they have a comment in the catalog or in the exhibit somewhere that mentions the voting system, how it worked, their expectations, and anything else of interest. Otherwise they’re doing it wrong.

    tl;dr It’s not crowd-sourcing that’s the problem, it’s the organization of crowd-sourcing. Also the exhibit’s probably going to be great regardless. And there will be more exhibits on video games in the future.

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